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สนับสนุนการจัดทำโดย
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วารสารสมาคมจิตแพทย์แห่งประเทศไทย
วารสารสมาคมจิตแพทย์แห่งประเทศไทย Journal of the Psychiatric Association of Thailand Volume 41
Number 3 July-September 1996 ContentORIGINAL ARTICLES
CASE REPORT
REPORTED ELSEWHERE Abstract Depression in junior high school students in the Bangkok metropolis Umaporn Trangkasombat, M.D. Dusit Likanapichitkul, M.D. The objective of this research was to study the prevalance, symptomatology and psychosocial factors associated with depression in junior high school students in the Bangkok Metropolis. The sample consisted of 1,264 students aged 10-17 years with the mean age of 14.0 years. The ratio of girls to boys was 1: 1.2. By using the Children's Depression Inventory,Thai version, the study revealed 40.8 % of the sample as having significant depressive symptoms (total CDI score>/15) and 13.3% as having marked depressive symptoms (total CDI score>/21). The analysis of individual item response showed that depressed children endorsed items on cognition especially self - perception and performance and physical symptoms at higher frequencies than items related to direct expression of depressed mood. The study also examined various psychosocial stressors. Compared with the nondepressed group, the depressed group had higher rates of psychosocial stressors. The stressors found to be related to depression were low academic achievement, broken family, poor parent-child relationship, having other people as caretakers, the primary caretaker having low education and low income level, mental health problems in parents and unhappy family life. The study found depression to be an important mental health problem in school children. Intervention strategies such as counseling programs for students, educational programs for teachers on childhood emotional problems and campaigns to strengthen and empower families are mandatory in reducing the magnitude of the problem. Key words : depression, students, Bangkok Suicidal behavior in children: an outpatient pediatric sample Umaporn Trangkasombat, MD. Dusit Likanapichitkul, MD. The objective of this research was to study suicidal behavior in children who never came for psychiatric treatment. The subjects consisted of 92 children aged 10-15 years who came for pediatric visits at Chulalongkorn Hospital. Through semi-structured interview, mental status examination and the use of the Children 's Depression Inventory (CDI), Thai version, 35 children were found to have previous suicidal behavior. Thus, the prevalence of suicidal behavior was 38 % . The types of suicidal behavior ranged from suicidal ideation (91.4 %), suicidal threat (2.9 %) to suicidal attempts (5.7 %). The most frequent method was stabbing and the most frequent precipitating events were punishment by the parents. Children with suicidal behavior were found to have higher rate of depression than those without suicidal behavior (48.6 % and 19.3 % respectively), P<.001) , and the level of depression measured by the CDI was more severe. It was also found that the number of psychosocial stressors of the suicidal group was 1.5 times that of the nonsuicidal group. Depression, unstable living condition, severe or chronic physical illnesses and physical abuse were found to be risk factors for suicidal behavior in children. Key words: suicide, suicidal behavior, children Demographic and psychosocial factors correlated with psychiatric illness in a Thai community in Bangkok. (full text in Thai) Tana Nilchaikovit, M.D. Chakkrit Sukying, M.D. Chatchawan Silpakit, M.D. The associations of demographic characteristics and psychosocial factors with psychiatric illness were assessed in a random sample of 826 adults in Nonchok district, Bangkok, Thailand. Multi logistic regression analyses showed that psychiatric illness was correlated most strongly with income, family relationship and serious illness in family members. The group with no income or income less than 2,000 bath per month were 3.67 times more likely to have psychiatric illness, while the group with distant or severely conflicted family relationship and the group with serious illness in family members during the past year were 2.93 and 2.47 times more likely to have psychiatric illness. Other factors that were found to be correlated with psychiatric illness were health status, psychiatric disorders in family members, problems concerning work or school, low education, and Bhudists in comparison with Islamics. The implications of the findings are discussed. Key words : GHQ, psychiatric illness, epidemiology, Thailand Subliminal audio-tape: A shortcut to well-being (full text in Thai) Prakob Pooviboonsuk, M.D., Ph.D. (Clinical Psychopharmacology) Pimolvan Tappayuthpijarn, MS.(Pharm) Tharis Hincheranundana, (Cert. of Medical Science Technology) Pornpong Kingwattanakul, M.D. Boonchua Dhorranintra, M.D., Ph.D. Abstract To test the effectivenesss of subliminal audio-tape on subjective well-being, we used double-blinded controlled trial. The control audio-tape was music without subliminal message while the experimental tape was the same music but with subliminal messages. The messages contained suggestions related to 6 different areas of well-being. The music from both tapes was identical and equal in both loudness and length. Sixty-four normal volunteers (20 males, 44 females) were recruited. They were devided into two equal groups and randomly allocated to listen to either of the tapes that were 30 minutes long. Each subject listened to the tape daily for 5 days, consecutively. The time, environment and loudness of subject's listening condition were the same throughout the experiment. Before listening to the music, all subjects did rating scales on their own well-being. Immediately after the first listening session and after the last listening, the subjects were again asked to do the same rating scales. The subjects who listened to music alone reported that they were relaxed while the experimental group reported to be significantly more relaxed and more well-being, even after the first listening session. Four different aspects of well-being that subjects rated to be improved were relaxation, life enjoyment, strong-mindedness, and self-esteem. The study can be concluded that the subliminal audio-tape is effective and useful in improving personal well-being and relaxation. Key words: subliminal, relaxation, mental well-being Pisa syndrome (full text in Thai) Rattana Saipanich, M.D. Manote Lotrakul, M.D. Pisa syndrome is a dystonic reaction caused by long-term use of neuroleptic medication which, when happens, is usually difficult to treat. The syndrome consists of tonic flexion of the trunk to one side accompanied by it slight rotation. We report a patient who developed this syndrome after two years of treatment with neuroleptic medication. The causes, differential diagnosis, and treatment of this syndrome are also discussed. Key words: Pisa syndrome, tardive dystonia, antipsychotic's side effects |
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